Before 1830, this was all Black Beer. It’s only in the 1830s that Porter brewers also turned their hands to Ales. Even then, they were only producing tiny quantities of them. The figures in the table, then, are almost all Porter and Stout.
The largest breweries, for example Barclay Perkins, were so impressive that they became tourist attractions, with visitors fascinated by their enormous size.
"A VISIT TO BARCLAY, PERKINS, AND CO.
On the southern banks of the Thames, between Southwark and London bridges, lies the hugest brewery in the world—the chief of those establishments which have made this great city the headquarters of malt liquor as well as civilisation. Ask any of the "fellowship porters" the way to BARCLAY, PERKINS, AND Co.'s, and there, from any one of these unaffected lovers of "heavy wet," you will get a direct direction. "There, Sir, right down afore ye!" and truly it would be difficult to miss a sight of the brewery, the buildings of which cover eleven acres of ground. But how to find out the entrance is the puzzle; you must thread your way through narrow lanes, thronged with drays, while a rumbling sound reminds one of barrels and hogsheads, and the olfactory organs testify that a brewery is not only near, but round about - for communication between the buildings is maintained by suspension bridges over the lanes. At last we arrive at the gateway; don't you see the ANCHOR, Sir, the symbol of Barclay, Perkins, and Co.? All brewers have their sign - their symbol - their emblem; and the anchor of Barclay, Perkins, and Co., is stamped, twisted, and interwoven on or in everything appertaining to the brewery - the very lamp-posts are propped up by the anchor."
"The London Saturday Journal" 1839, page 268.
Output of the largest London Porter brewers 1817 - 1840 (barrels) | |||||||||
brewer | 1817 | 1819 | 1825 | 1828 | 1830 | 1833 | 1835 | 1837 | 1840 |
Barclay Perkins | 281,484 | 320,090 | 357,446 | 305,937 | 262,306 | 315,784 | 382,063 | 354,360 | 400,838 |
Whitbread | 151,888 | 181,344 | 203,842 | 180,843 | 144,104 | 187,070 | 186,206 | 180,512 | 191,980 |
Truman | 168,757 | 210,967 | 223,766 | 205,655 | 167,542 | 226,924 | 280,075 | 303,590 | 338,773 |
John Calvert | 98,301 | 99,286 | 105,206 | 90,992 | 61,236 | ||||
Reid | 157,131 | 183,673 | 190,253 | 170,432 | 127,220 | 150,865 | 181,187 | 162,840 | 195,169 |
Combe -Delafield | 110,776 | 133,008 | 146,743 | 114,795 | 104,722 | ||||
Hoare | 60,307 | 63,377 | 63,883 | 68,381 | 57,073 | ||||
H. Meux | 124,823 | 111,138 | 108,768 | 90,239 | 60,087 | ||||
Sources: | |||||||||
“The British Brewing Industry 1830-1980”. T R Gourvish & R G Wilson, 1994, pages 610-612. | |||||||||
Whitbread brewing records held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document numbers LMA/4453/D/09/010, LMA/4453/D/09/012, LMA/4453/D/09/016, LMA/4453/D/09/021 and LMA/4453/D/09/023. |
6 comments:
Does the decline in production at Meux have any relation to the porter flood in 1814 or do you think it's a coincidence?
"Heavy wet"! What a great name! Why did they call it that? And, bring new to your blog, which I've already worked out is fabulous, what was it about Barclay Perkins that made it your favourite? Of course, I can keep reading and will, no doubt, find out sooner or later. Keep up the wonderful work, it's very much appreciated!
Anonymous,
I guess it just means "strong liquid". Great term, mind.
Anonymous,
quite likely as they lost a lot of valuable aged beer. And the brewery was a bit messed up, too.
The volume of beer produced in 1840 is amazing, that's over a 1 million barrels a year. Assuming the barrel size is 36 Imperial gallons (43.2 US gal) and London population was about 2.2 million that is more than 16 gallons about 130 Imperial Pints of beer a year for every man, woman, and child in London.
Chris,
that sounds about right. They drank a lot of beer in London.
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