Tuesday 23 July 2013

UK hopping rates 1940 - 1968

As thromised, part two of my look at British hopping rates in the 20th century.

You must tell me, by the way, if all these numbers start getting too tedious. It won't make me stop posting them, but it may make you feel better.

That hopping rates fell during WW II is no surprise. After more than a third of the new crop was destroyed by an air raid on 29th December, 1940, the government ordered brewers to cut their hopping rates.

"Consumption of hops by brewers was cut in June, 1941, under instructions of the Ministry of Food, by 20%. of the rate used per standard barrel. This cut ceased to operate in 1947"
1955 Brewers' Almanack, page 64.
The fall between 1940 and 1942 is indeed around 20%. And, like magic, hopping rates started to climb again in 1948. It's a good illustration of how government directly interfered in the technical aspects of brewing. Many features of beer and pubs have been fiddled with in this way. To a greater extent than in most other industries.

The rise in hopping rates didn't last long. In 1951 they started to decline again and that trend continued until the end of the table.  What's odd about the fall between 1960 and 1968, is that there was a swing away from Mild to Bitter in that period. You would expect the hopping rate to have increased.


UK hopping rates 1940 - 1968
year bulk barrels hops lbs hops per barrel Average OG oz. hops per gravity point
1940 24,925,704 265,512 1.19 1040.62 0.47
1941 28,170,582 251,354 1.00 1038.51 0.42
1942 29,584,656 223,007 0.84 1035.53 0.38
1943 29,811,321 231,589 0.87 1034.34 0.41
1944 31,380,684 243,900 0.87 1034.63 0.40
1945 31,990,334 244,822 0.86 1034.54 0.40
1946 31,066,950 226,197 0.82 1034.72 0.38
1947 30,103,180 217,759 0.81 1032.59 0.40
1948 28,813,725 231,470 0.90 1032.66 0.44
1949 26,744,457 233,158 0.98 1033.43 0.47
1950 25,339,062 232,979 1.03 1033.88 0.49
1951 24,870,564 229,106 1.03 1036.99 0.45
1952 25,285,589 228,512 1.01 1037.07 0.44
1953 24,789,130 225,569 1.02 1036.87 0.44
1954 24,153,387 216,841 1.01 1036.97 0.44
1955 24,324,623 217,716 1.00 1037.13 0.43
1956 24,187,096 218,820 1.01 1037.22 0.44
1957 24,839,755 215,114 0.97 1037.42 0.41
1958 24,129,462 208,870 0.97 1037.48 0.41
1959 25,023,044 216,037 0.97 1037.52 0.41
1960 26,313,796 226,371 0.96 1037.25 0.41
1961 27,600,860 234,611 0.95 1037.41 0.41
1962 27,736,049 226,437 0.91 1037.70 0.39
1963 27,942,561 226,565 0.91 1037.70 0.39
1964 29,485,128 237,356 0.90 1037.66 0.38
1965 29,579,855 236,424 0.90 1037.67 0.38
1966 30,178,056 232,119 0.86 1037.63 0.37
1967 30,751,420 221,793 0.81 1037.46 0.35
1968 30,763,106 200,254 0.73 1037.36 0.31
Sources:
Brewers' Almanack 1955, p. 50
Brewers' Almanack 1955, page 62
Brewers' Almanack 1962, p. 48
Brewers' Almanack 1971, p. 45
1971 Brewers'Almanack, page 54

I must see if I can find the figures for after 1968. I must have them somewhere.

2 comments:

qq said...

The missing factor is the planting of modern varieties of hops with higher alpha, so you need fewer hops to get the same perceived bitterness.

Ron Pattinson said...

qq,

that's a good point. But, at least in the 1950s, the overwhelming majority of hops grown in the UK - and they were most of what UK brewers used - were still Goldings or Fuggles types.