It's a momentous, er, moment in the history of Whitbread's Ales. Why? We'll be getting to that in a minute. After I've run through a few other things in excruciating detail.
First let's look at the changes in K Ales since the last decade. The table shows a continued decline in gravity of both KK and KKK - 3%-odd. Not huge, but over the whole century such small changes add up. As you can see by comparing the figures from the 1840's and the 1870's. OG is down almost 16% for KK and 13% for KKK. There's been a similar fall in ABV and, for KKK, even a fall in the degree of apparent attenuation.
The hopping rates are more complicated. They're slightly down on the 1860's, but more than 50% higher than in the 1840's. Such a big change must have altered the character of the finished beers. Why did they up the hop rate so much? No idea. If you have an explanation, feel free to chip in.
| period | beer | OG | FG | ABV | App. Atten-uation | lbs hops/ qtr | hops lb/brl |
| 1840's | KXX | 1089.0 | 1031.3 | 7.63 | 64.87% | 10.10 | 3.96 |
| 1860's | KK | 1078.1 | 1027.4 | 6.70 | 64.76% | 15.98 | 6.4 |
| 1870's | KK | 1075.1 | 1024.9 | 6.63 | 66.86% | 15.34 | 5.22 |
| difference 1860's - 1870's | -3.83% | -9.09% | -0.98% | 3.25% | -4.04% | -18.33% | |
| difference 1840's - 1870's | -15.64% | -20.35% | -13.09% | 3.07% | 51.92% | 31.83% | |
| 1840's | KXXX | 1097.7 | 1030.8 | 8.85 | 68.42% | 8.99 | 3.92 |
| 1860's | KKK | 1087.5 | 1028.9 | 7.30 | 67.01% | 15.91 | 6.79 |
| 1870's | KKK | 1084.8 | 1032.2 | 6.98 | 62.12% | 15.21 | 6.19 |
| difference 1860's - 1870's | -3.08% | 11.57% | -4.34% | -7.30% | -4.42% | -8.92% | |
| difference 1840's - 1870's | -13.26% | 4.47% | -21.14% | -9.20% | 69.14% | 57.86% | |
| Sources: | |||||||
| Whitbread brewing records held at the London Metropolitan Archives. | |||||||
The level of attenuation of the K Ales still looks pretty low at well under 70%. But remember that these were Stock Ales which would have been stored for perhaps a year or more before sale. During which time Brettanomyces would have been nibbling away slowly at the remaining sugars. The true final gravity was doubtless a good bit lower. How can I say for sure there would have been a secondary Brettanomyces fermentation? Because the customers would have complained if there hadn't been. If you were buying Stock Ale, you'd expect the "aged" flavour imparted by Brettanomyces.
Before we go any further, I have to point out something I noticed when looking at the X Ales. For this decade I've examples from both the winter and summer months. And there's a clear difference in the hopping. I've seen brewing manuals advise a higher hopping rate for the warmer months and here it's plain to see. 10%-15% per quarter, 14%-30% per barrel.
| period | beer | OG | FG | ABV | App. Atten-uation | lbs hops/ qtr | hops lb/brl |
| 1870's summer | X | 1062.2 | 1019.0 | 5.72 | 69.49% | 8.33 | 2.32 |
| 1870's winter | X | 1061.4 | 1018.0 | 5.75 | 70.71% | 6.03 | 1.63 |
| difference summer - winter | -1.29% | -5.19% | 0.49% | 1.75% | -27.56% | -29.79% | |
| 1870's summer | XL | 1069.7 | 1022.2 | 6.28 | 68.17% | 8.74 | 2.83 |
| 1870's winter | XL | 1069.0 | 1023.0 | 6.08 | 66.69% | 7.47 | 2.36 |
| difference summer - winter | -1.02% | 3.61% | -3.18% | -2.17% | -14.51% | -16.54% | |
| 1870's summer | XX | 1079.0 | 1031.1 | 6.34 | 60.62% | 9.10 | 3.41 |
| 1870's winter | XX | 1077.6 | 1023.6 | 6.28 | 61.27% | 8.14 | 2.93 |
| difference summer - winter | -1.87% | -24.07% | -0.87% | 1.08% | -10.58% | -14.14% |
(The figures are derived from the other and previous tables.)
A continued reduction in Whitbread's range of X Ales - this time XXX has disappeared, has left only one meaningful comparison. The only two beers to still share a strength band, XX and KK. This whittling down of the strong Milds is probably connected with the most fascinating insight these figures have given me: the weakening of the connection between K and X Ales. The hopping rate of XX is 44% lower per quarter and 39% lower per barrel. About what I'd expect.
| period | beer | OG | FG | ABV | App. Atten-uation | lbs hops/ qtr | hops lb/brl |
| 1870's | KK | 1075.1 | 1024.9 | 6.63 | 66.86% | 15.34 | 5.22 |
| 1870's | XX | 1078.4 | 1030.7 | 6.30 | 60.8% | 8.64 | 3.20 |
| difference: | 4.43% | 23.33% | -4.97% | -9.09% | -43.64% | -38.76% |
Now here's the best bit. Looking at the recipes, for the first time there are significant differences between the K and X Ales. No longer is the K Ale just a more heavily hopped version of the X Ale. The grists aren't the same. This is the start of the process which, by the 1930's, would leave Mild and Burton with significantly different recipes.
Looking at the K Ales first, they have grists of around 85% pale malt and 15% sugar. Given all that sugar, it's surprising how poor the attenuation is. What type of sugar is it? Probably No. 1 or No. 2 invert. Looking at the recipes, those K Ales are starting to look quite like Pale Ales, just higher gravity and not quite as heavily hopped.
Now look at the X Ales. Only one contains sugar and about a quarter contain a small quantity of brown malt. Which is why, unlike in some of the earlier decades, K and X Ales were never parti-gyled together in the 1870's.
There's also a notable difference in the type of hops used. More than half the K Ales contain only English hops. Almost every X Ale does. Poperinghe and Belgian hops both only occur in X Ales. My conclusion: they used better quality hops in the K Ales. Which, of course, makes sense.
Nothing remains but to show you the final tables.
| Whitbread K Ales in the 1870's | |||||||||||||
| Date | Year | Beer | OG | FG | ABV | App. Atten-uation | lbs hops/ qtr | hops lb/brl | boil time (hours) | boil time (hours) | Pitch temp | max. fermen-tation temp | length of fermen-tation (days) |
| 6th Dec | 1871 | KK | 1078.7 | 1029.9 | 6.45 | 61.97% | 15.36 | 6.31 | 58º | º | |||
| 17th Oct | 1872 | KK | 1075.1 | 1017.5 | 7.62 | 76.75% | 14.10 | 4.98 | 58º | º | |||
| 25th Sep | 1873 | KK | 1078.4 | 1028.3 | 6.63 | 63.96% | 14.20 | 5.50 | 58º | 72º | 3 + 3 | ||
| 11th Dec | 1874 | KK | 1075.9 | 1030.5 | 6.01 | 59.85% | 13.64 | 5.14 | 57º | 73º | 4 + 3 | ||
| 15th Nov | 1875 | KK | 1073.4 | 1022.2 | 6.78 | 69.81% | 14.85 | 5.23 | 1.75 | 3.17 | 56º | 72º | 4 + 5 |
| 24th Nov | 1876 | KK | 1073.1 | 1023.3 | 6.60 | 68.18% | 13.08 | 4.39 | 1.75 | 2.83 | 58º | 73º | 4 + 4 |
| 17th Apr | 1877 | KK | 1073.4 | 1021.6 | 6.85 | 70.57% | 15.88 | 5.44 | 1.75 | 2.58 | 58º | 71.5º | 4 + 5 |
| 25th Jan | 1878 | KK | 1069.3 | 1023.5 | 6.05 | 66.00% | 15.08 | 4.87 | 1.75 | 3 | 58º | 75.5º | 5 + 6 |
| 4th Dec | 1879 | KK | 1078.4 | 1027.7 | 6.71 | 64.66% | 21.84 | 5.10 | 2 | 3 | 58º | º | 9 |
| 9th Feb | 1870 | KKK | 1084.8 | 1029.1 | 7.37 | 65.69% | 14.38 | 6.21 | 1.5 | 2 | 58º | º | 6 |
| 27th Mar | 1871 | KKK | 1085.0 | 1035.5 | 6.56 | 58.31% | 13.51 | 5.97 | 2.5 | 58º | º | 5 | |
| 27th Nov | 1872 | KKK | 1085.0 | 1034.1 | 6.74 | 59.93% | 14.36 | 6.85 | 58º | º | |||
| 23rd Sep | 1873 | KKK | 1084.5 | 1033.2 | 6.78 | 60.66% | 14.53 | 6.90 | 58º | 72º | 3 + 3 | ||
| 6th Oct | 1874 | KKK | 1084.8 | 1036.0 | 6.45 | 57.52% | 11.54 | 4.92 | 58º | 73º | 4 + 3 | ||
| 6th Jan | 1875 | KKK | 1083.4 | 1028.0 | 7.33 | 66.45% | 14.53 | 6.35 | 57º | 72.75º | 4 + 4 | ||
| 20th Nov | 1876 | KKK | 1085.3 | 1028.5 | 7.51 | 66.56% | 14.17 | 6.24 | 1.75 | 2.5 | 57º | 72.25º | 4 + 5 |
| 19th Jan | 1877 | KKK | 1086.4 | 1034.1 | 6.93 | 60.58% | 14.99 | 5.94 | 2 | 2.75 | 57º | 71.5º | 5 + 3 |
| 28th Jan | 1878 | KKK | 1085.6 | 1031.3 | 7.18 | 63.43% | 15.04 | 6.11 | 2.75 | 57º | º | 9 | |
| 8th Dec | 1879 | KKK | 1083.1 | 25.03 | 6.37 | 2 | 3.08 | 58º | º | 8 | |||
| Source: | |||||||||||||
| Whitbread brewing records held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document numbers LMA/4453/D/01/035, LMA/4453/D/01/036, LMA/4453/D/01/037, LMA/4453/D/01/038, LMA/4453/D/01/039, LMA/4453/D/01/040, LMA/4453/D/01/041, LMA/4453/D/01/042, LMA/4453/D/01/043, LMA/4453/D/01/045 and LMA/4453/D/02/024. | |||||||||||||
| Whitbread K Ale grists in the 1870's | |||||||||
| Date | Year | Beer | OG | FG | ABV | App. Atten-uation | pale malt | sugar | hops |
| 6th Dec | 1871 | KK | 1078.7 | 1029.9 | 6.45 | 61.97% | 85.32% | 14.68% | English hops. |
| 17th Oct | 1872 | KK | 1075.1 | 1017.5 | 7.62 | 76.75% | 84.68% | 15.32% | English hops. |
| 25th Sep | 1873 | KK | 1078.4 | 1028.3 | 6.63 | 63.96% | 85.16% | 14.84% | English hops. |
| 11th Dec | 1874 | KK | 1075.9 | 1030.5 | 6.01 | 59.85% | 86.76% | 13.24% | English hops. |
| 15th Nov | 1875 | KK | 1073.4 | 1022.2 | 6.78 | 69.81% | 88.57% | 11.43% | American and Altmark hops |
| 24th Nov | 1876 | KK | 1073.1 | 1023.3 | 6.60 | 68.18% | 86.82% | 13.18% | American and English hops. |
| 17th Apr | 1877 | KK | 1073.4 | 1021.6 | 6.85 | 70.57% | 87.36% | 12.64% | American and English hops. |
| 25th Jan | 1878 | KK | 1069.3 | 1023.5 | 6.05 | 66.00% | 86.85% | 13.15% | American and English hops. |
| 4th Dec | 1879 | KK | 1078.4 | 1027.7 | 6.71 | 64.66% | 73.73% | 26.27% | American and English hops. |
| 9th Feb | 1870 | KKK | 1084.8 | 1029.1 | 7.37 | 65.69% | 85.62% | 14.38% | American, Bavarian and English hops. |
| 27th Mar | 1871 | KKK | 1085.0 | 1035.5 | 6.56 | 58.31% | 84.46% | 15.54% | English hops. |
| 27th Nov | 1872 | KKK | 1085.0 | 1034.1 | 6.74 | 59.93% | 86.14% | 13.86% | English hops. |
| 23rd Sep | 1873 | KKK | 1084.5 | 1033.2 | 6.78 | 60.66% | 86.37% | 13.63% | English hops. |
| 6th Oct | 1874 | KKK | 1084.8 | 1036.0 | 6.45 | 57.52% | 87.10% | 12.90% | English hops. |
| 6th Jan | 1875 | KKK | 1083.4 | 1028.0 | 7.33 | 66.45% | 84.82% | 15.18% | English hops. |
| 20th Nov | 1876 | KKK | 1085.3 | 1028.5 | 7.51 | 66.56% | 86.87% | 13.13% | American and English hops. |
| 19th Jan | 1877 | KKK | 1086.4 | 1034.1 | 6.93 | 60.58% | 88.02% | 11.98% | English hops. |
| 28th Jan | 1878 | KKK | 1085.6 | 1031.3 | 7.18 | 63.43% | 86.50% | 13.50% | English hops. |
| 8th Dec | 1879 | KKK | 1083.1 | 76.28% | 23.72% | American, Californian and English hops. | |||
| Source: | |||||||||
| Whitbread brewing records held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document numbers LMA/4453/D/01/035, LMA/4453/D/01/036, LMA/4453/D/01/037, LMA/4453/D/01/038, LMA/4453/D/01/039, LMA/4453/D/01/040, LMA/4453/D/01/041, LMA/4453/D/01/042, LMA/4453/D/01/043, LMA/4453/D/01/045 and LMA/4453/D/02/024. | |||||||||
| Whitbread X Ales in the 1870's | |||||||||||||
| Date | Year | Beer | OG | FG | ABV | App. Atten-uation | lbs hops/ qtr | hops lb/brl | boil time (hours) | boil time (hours) | Pitch temp | max. fermen-tation temp | length of fermen-tation (days) |
| 17th Mar | 1870 | X | 1061.2 | 6.06 | 1.71 | 1.5 | 2 | 64º | º | ||||
| 19th Jul | 1871 | X | 1061.8 | 1022.2 | 5.24 | 64.13% | 8.99 | 2.61 | 64º | º | 5 | ||
| 18th Oct | 1872 | X | 1059.8 | 1018.3 | 5.50 | 69.44% | 6.94 | 1.88 | 64º | º | |||
| 23rd Aug | 1872 | X | 1065.9 | 1021.6 | 5.86 | 67.23% | 8.66 | 2.54 | 64º | º | |||
| 29th Jul | 1873 | X | 1062.0 | 1023.0 | 5.17 | 62.95% | 8.03 | 2.41 | 64º | º | 5 | ||
| 16th Jan | 1873 | X | 1062.3 | 1022.7 | 5.24 | 63.56% | 5.77 | 1.63 | 64º | º | |||
| 18th Jul | 1874 | X | 1060.4 | 1019.7 | 5.39 | 67.43% | 8.40 | 2.33 | 64º | 74.5º | 2 + 3 | ||
| 19th Oct | 1874 | X | 1061.5 | 1016.3 | 5.97 | 73.42% | 6.43 | 1.63 | 62º | 73º | 2 + 3 | ||
| 23rd Sep | 1875 | X | 1062.3 | 1019.9 | 5.61 | 68.00% | 7.73 | 2.17 | 2.17 | 60º | 71º | 3 + 3 | |
| 1st Nov | 1875 | X | 1062.3 | 1017.5 | 5.94 | 72.00% | 6.54 | 1.73 | 1.33 | 2 | 60º | 72º | 3 + 3 |
| 19th Oct | 1876 | X | 1061.8 | 1016.1 | 6.05 | 73.99% | 6.13 | 1.66 | 60º | 72.5º | 3 + 4 | ||
| 17th Jul | 1876 | X | 1064.8 | 1015.8 | 6.49 | 75.64% | 8.04 | 2.14 | 1.5 | 2 | 61º | 73º | 3 + 4 |
| 19th Jul | 1877 | X | 1060.4 | 1015.8 | 5.90 | 73.85% | 8.52 | 2.27 | 1.5 | 2.58 | 61º | 72º | 3 + 4 |
| 19th Oct | 1877 | X | 1060.9 | 1019.1 | 5.53 | 68.64% | 5.06 | 1.35 | 1.5 | 2.33 | 61º | 72º | 8 |
| 5th Feb | 1878 | X | 1060.7 | 1016.6 | 5.83 | 72.60% | 5.29 | 1.41 | 61º | 72º | 7 | ||
| 16th Jul | 1878 | X | 1060.7 | 1015.8 | 5.94 | 73.97% | 8.53 | 2.29 | 2.5 | 2 | 61º | º | 7 |
| 26th Jul | 1879 | X | 1061.8 | 1017.2 | 5.90 | 72.20% | 8.03 | 2.13 | 2 | 2 | 62º | º | 6 |
| 6th Jan | 1879 | X | 1062.3 | 1017.5 | 5.94 | 72.00% | 6.08 | 1.69 | 1.5 | 1.75 | 61º | 75º | 3 + 3 |
| 29th Mar | 1871 | XL | 1067.6 | 1021.3 | 6.12 | 68.44% | 8.14 | 2.67 | 1.5 | 2 | 60º | º | 6 |
| 26th Sep | 1871 | XL | 1068.1 | 1024.7 | 5.75 | 63.82% | 10.18 | 3.35 | 60º | º | |||
| 15th Jul | 1872 | XL | 1069.3 | 1026.3 | 5.68 | 62.00% | 9.06 | 2.79 | 60º | º | |||
| 10th Feb | 1872 | XL | 1070.1 | 1024.9 | 5.97 | 64.43% | 7.00 | 2.05 | 60º | º | |||
| 18th Oct | 1873 | XL | 1070.1 | 1024.7 | 6.01 | 64.82% | 9.11 | 2.99 | 60º | 75º | 3 + 3 | ||
| 2nd Aug | 1873 | XL | 1071.2 | 1027.1 | 5.83 | 61.87% | 9.09 | 3.08 | 60º | 75º | 5 | ||
| 28th Jul | 1874 | XL | 1071.7 | 1023.8 | 6.34 | 66.80% | 9.41 | 3.14 | 60º | 75º | 3 + 2 | ||
| 17th Feb | 1875 | XL | 1068.4 | 1022.4 | 6.08 | 67.21% | 8.06 | 2.58 | 59º | 72.5º | 3 + 3 | ||
| 22nd Sep | 1875 | XL | 1069.3 | 1022.2 | 6.23 | 68.00% | 7.79 | 2.49 | 1.5 | 60º | 71º | 3 + 3 | |
| 11th Jul | 1876 | XL | 1070.4 | 1019.9 | 6.67 | 71.65% | 8.11 | 2.87 | 2.5 | 2.75 | 60º | 72.5º | 3 + 3 |
| 19th Oct | 1877 | XL | 1068.7 | 1021.6 | 6.23 | 68.55% | 5.06 | 1.52 | 1.5 | 2.33 | 61º | 72º | 8 |
| 17th Jul | 1877 | XL | 1069.0 | 1016.6 | 6.93 | 75.90% | 8.49 | 2.62 | 3.5 | 60º | 72º | 3 + 5 | |
| 16th Jul | 1878 | XL | 1069.3 | 1018.3 | 6.74 | 73.60% | 8.53 | 2.62 | 2.5 | 2 | 61º | º | 7 |
| 29th Jul | 1879 | XL | 1069.0 | 1020.8 | 6.38 | 69.88% | 8.02 | 2.52 | 1.5 | 61º | 72.5º | 8 | |
| 18th Mar | 1879 | XL | 1070.4 | 1015.8 | 7.22 | 77.56% | 6.00 | 1.80 | 1.75 | 2.25 | 61º | 73º | 7 |
| 26th Sep | 1871 | XX | 1080.1 | 1030.2 | 6.60 | 62.28% | 10.18 | 3.93 | 60º | º | |||
| 3rd Apr | 1871 | XX | 1080.3 | 1032.7 | 6.30 | 59.31% | 8.53 | 3.33 | 1.5 | 2 | 64º | º | 5 |
| 23rd Aug | 1872 | XX | 1079.5 | 1031.9 | 6.30 | 59.93% | 8.66 | 3.06 | 60º | º | |||
| 8th Aug | 1873 | XX | 1077.6 | 1031.3 | 6.12 | 59.64% | 8.47 | 3.23 | 60º | 75º | 3 + 2 | ||
| 16th Apr | 1874 | XX | 1077.0 | 1029.1 | 6.34 | 62.23% | 7.98 | 2.76 | 60º | 75º | 3 + 2 | ||
| 17th Feb | 1875 | XX | 1075.9 | 1029.4 | 6.16 | 61.31% | 8.06 | 2.86 | 59º | 73.75º | 3 + 3 | ||
| Source: | |||||||||||||
| Whitbread brewing records held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document numbers LMA/4453/D/01/035, LMA/4453/D/01/036, LMA/4453/D/01/037, LMA/4453/D/01/038, LMA/4453/D/01/039, LMA/4453/D/01/040, LMA/4453/D/01/041, LMA/4453/D/01/042, LMA/4453/D/01/043, LMA/4453/D/01/044, LMA/4453/D/01/045 and LMA/4453/D/02/024. | |||||||||||||
| Whitbread X Ale grists in the 1870's | ||||||||||
| Date | Year | Beer | OG | FG | ABV | App. Atten-uation | pale malt | brown malt | sugar | hops |
| 17th Mar | 1870 | X | 1061.2 | 100.00% | American and English hops. | |||||
| 19th Jul | 1871 | X | 1061.8 | 1022.2 | 5.24 | 64.13% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 18th Oct | 1872 | X | 1059.8 | 1018.3 | 5.50 | 69.44% | 99.04% | 0.96% | American and English hops. | |
| 23rd Aug | 1872 | X | 1065.9 | 1021.6 | 5.86 | 67.23% | 100.00% | English hops. | ||
| 29th Jul | 1873 | X | 1062.0 | 1023.0 | 5.17 | 62.95% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 16th Jan | 1873 | X | 1062.3 | 1022.7 | 5.24 | 63.56% | 88.50% | 11.50% | American, English and Belgian hops | |
| 18th Jul | 1874 | X | 1060.4 | 1019.7 | 5.39 | 67.43% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 19th Oct | 1874 | X | 1061.5 | 1016.3 | 5.97 | 73.42% | 99.24% | 0.76% | American and English hops. | |
| 23rd Sep | 1875 | X | 1062.3 | 1019.9 | 5.61 | 68.00% | 100.00% | Poperinghe and English hops | ||
| 1st Nov | 1875 | X | 1062.3 | 1017.5 | 5.94 | 72.00% | 100.00% | Altmark and English hops | ||
| 19th Oct | 1876 | X | 1061.8 | 1016.1 | 6.05 | 73.99% | 100.00% | Bavarian, American and English hops | ||
| 17th Jul | 1876 | X | 1064.8 | 1015.8 | 6.49 | 75.64% | 100.00% | American, Altmark and English hops. | ||
| 19th Jul | 1877 | X | 1060.4 | 1015.8 | 5.90 | 73.85% | 99.36% | 0.64% | American and English hops. | |
| 19th Oct | 1877 | X | 1060.9 | 1019.1 | 5.53 | 68.64% | 99.36% | 0.64% | American, Altmark and English hops. | |
| 5th Feb | 1878 | X | 1060.7 | 1016.6 | 5.83 | 72.60% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 16th Jul | 1878 | X | 1060.7 | 1015.8 | 5.94 | 73.97% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 26th Jul | 1879 | X | 1061.8 | 1017.2 | 5.90 | 72.20% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 6th Jan | 1879 | X | 1062.3 | 1017.5 | 5.94 | 72.00% | 99.24% | 0.76% | American and English hops. | |
| 29th Mar | 1871 | XL | 1067.6 | 1021.3 | 6.12 | 68.44% | 100.00% | English hops. | ||
| 26th Sep | 1871 | XL | 1068.1 | 1024.7 | 5.75 | 63.82% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 15th Jul | 1872 | XL | 1069.3 | 1026.3 | 5.68 | 62.00% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 10th Feb | 1872 | XL | 1070.1 | 1024.9 | 5.97 | 64.43% | 100.00% | American, English and Belgian hops | ||
| 18th Oct | 1873 | XL | 1070.1 | 1024.7 | 6.01 | 64.82% | 100.00% | English hops. | ||
| 2nd Aug | 1873 | XL | 1071.2 | 1027.1 | 5.83 | 61.87% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 28th Jul | 1874 | XL | 1071.7 | 1023.8 | 6.34 | 66.80% | 100.00% | English hops. | ||
| 17th Feb | 1875 | XL | 1068.4 | 1022.4 | 6.08 | 67.21% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 22nd Sep | 1875 | XL | 1069.3 | 1022.2 | 6.23 | 68.00% | 100.00% | Poperinghe and English hops | ||
| 11th Jul | 1876 | XL | 1070.4 | 1019.9 | 6.67 | 71.65% | 100.00% | American, Altmark and English hops. | ||
| 19th Oct | 1877 | XL | 1068.7 | 1021.6 | 6.23 | 68.55% | 99.36% | 0.64% | American, Altmark and English hops. | |
| 17th Jul | 1877 | XL | 1069.0 | 1016.6 | 6.93 | 75.90% | 99.36% | 0.64% | American and English hops. | |
| 16th Jul | 1878 | XL | 1069.3 | 1018.3 | 6.74 | 73.60% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 29th Jul | 1879 | XL | 1069.0 | 1020.8 | 6.38 | 69.88% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 18th Mar | 1879 | XL | 1070.4 | 1015.8 | 7.22 | 77.56% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 26th Sep | 1871 | XX | 1080.1 | 1030.2 | 6.60 | 62.28% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 3rd Apr | 1871 | XX | 1080.3 | 1032.7 | 6.30 | 59.31% | 100.00% | English hops. | ||
| 23rd Aug | 1872 | XX | 1079.5 | 1031.9 | 6.30 | 59.93% | 100.00% | English hops. | ||
| 8th Aug | 1873 | XX | 1077.6 | 1031.3 | 6.12 | 59.64% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| 16th Apr | 1874 | XX | 1077.0 | 1029.1 | 6.34 | 62.23% | 100.00% | Bavarian, Belgian and English hops | ||
| 17th Feb | 1875 | XX | 1075.9 | 1029.4 | 6.16 | 61.31% | 100.00% | American and English hops. | ||
| Source: | ||||||||||
| Whitbread brewing records held at the London Metropolitan Archives, document numbers LMA/4453/D/01/035, LMA/4453/D/01/036, LMA/4453/D/01/037, LMA/4453/D/01/038, LMA/4453/D/01/039, LMA/4453/D/01/040, LMA/4453/D/01/041, LMA/4453/D/01/042, LMA/4453/D/01/043, LMA/4453/D/01/044, LMA/4453/D/01/045 and LMA/4453/D/02/024. | ||||||||||
No comments:
Post a Comment